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Vancomycin hydrochloride CAS:1404-93-9
Vancomycin hydrochloride magani ne na maganin rigakafi wanda ake amfani da shi don magance cututtuka masu tsanani da wasu nau'ikan ƙwayoyin cuta ke haifarwa. Yana cikin rukunin magunguna na glycopeptide kuma yana aiki ta hanyar hana haɗa peptidoglycan, wani muhimmin sashi na bangon ƙwayoyin cuta. Ana amfani da shi galibi don magance cututtuka kamar MRSA, gudawa mai alaƙa da Clostridium difficile, da kuma endocarditis na ƙwayoyin cuta..
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HEPPS CAS:16052-06-5 Farashin Mai Masana'anta
HEPPS, wanda ke nufin N-(2-Hydroxyethyl)piperazine-N'-2-ethanesulfonic acid, wani sinadarin zwitterionic ne da ake amfani da shi a binciken halittu da na sinadarai. An san shi da kyakkyawan ƙarfin buffering da kwanciyar hankali a kan kewayon pH mai faɗi, musamman a cikin kewayon pH 6.8-8.2. Sau da yawa ana amfani da HEPPS a cikin hanyoyin al'adun ƙwayoyin halitta, tsarkake furotin, halayen enzymatic, da sauran aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar yanayin pH mai sarrafawa daidai. Yana narkewa a cikin ruwa kuma yawanci ana amfani da shi a cikin yawan da ke tsakanin 10 mM zuwa 100 mM. Ana ɗaukar HEPPS a matsayin wanda ba shi da guba ga ƙwayoyin halitta kuma yana da ƙarancin tsangwama a bango, wanda hakan ya sa ya zama zaɓi mai shahara ga yawancin ka'idojin gwaji.
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2,3,5-Triphenyl-2H-tetrazolium chloride CAS:298-96-4
2,3,5-Triphenyl-2H-tetrazolium chloride, wanda kuma aka sani da TTC, wani sinadari ne da ake amfani da shi a matsayin alamar redox a aikace-aikacen halittu da sinadarai. Yana bayyana a matsayin foda mai launin rawaya-fari.
Ana amfani da TTC akai-akai a gwaje-gwaje da gwaje-gwaje daban-daban na halittu don tantance yuwuwar ƙwayoyin halitta da ayyukan metabolism. Idan aka ƙara shi a cikin ƙwayoyin halitta masu rai, ana rage shi ta hanyar enzyme don samar da samfurin formazan ja. Wannan raguwar ya dogara ne akan enzymes masu aiki na dehydrogenase da ke cikin ƙwayoyin halitta masu rai. Saboda haka, adadin formazan ja da aka samar yana daidai da adadin ƙwayoyin halitta masu aiki na metabolism.
Ikon TTC na tantance wanzuwar ƙwayoyin halitta ya sa ya zama da amfani a fannoni na bincike kamar gwajin gubar ƙwayoyin halitta, gwaje-gwajen yaɗuwar ƙwayoyin halitta, da kuma kimanta ingancin magunguna. Bugu da ƙari, ana amfani da shi a fannin ƙwayoyin cuta don tantance ci gaban ƙwayoyin cuta, da kuma a cikin nazarin da ya shafi al'adar ƙwayoyin tsirrai da kimanta wanzuwar ƙwayoyin halitta.
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Gly-Pro p-nitroanilide p-toluenesulfonate gishiri CAS:65096-46-0
Gishirin Gly-Pro p-nitroanilide p-toluenesulfonate wani sinadari ne da ake amfani da shi wajen gwajin enzymatic don auna ayyukan peptidases na musamman na proline. Ya ƙunshi dipeptide Gly-Pro wanda aka haɗa shi da ƙungiyar p-nitroanilide, wanda za a iya fitar da shi ta hanyar aikin peptidases na musamman na proline.
A cikin gwaje-gwajen enzymatic, ana ƙara wannan mahaɗin zuwa samfurin da ke ɗauke da enzyme mai sha'awa. Enzyme ɗin yana raba alaƙar da ke tsakanin glycine (Gly) da proline (Pro), yana sakin ƙungiyar p-nitroanilide. Ana iya auna p-nitroanilide da aka saki ta hanyar spectrophotometric, wanda ke ba da damar tantance ayyukan enzyme ɗin.
Gishirin p-toluenesulfonate na Gly-Pro p-nitroanilide yana ba da kwanciyar hankali da narkewa a cikin ruwan sha, yana sauƙaƙa amfani da shi a cikin gwaje-gwajen enzymatic..
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5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminide CAS:4264-82-8
5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminide wani sinadari ne da ake amfani da shi a cikin nazarin sinadarai daban-daban, musamman don gano da kuma ganin ayyukan enzymes. Wani sinadari ne da za a iya samar da hydrolyzed ta hanyar takamaiman enzymes, wanda ke haifar da fitowar samfurin mai launi ko fluorescent.
Ana amfani da wannan sinadari a gwaje-gwaje don gano kasancewar da kuma ayyukan enzymes kamar beta-galactosidase da beta-glucuronidase. Waɗannan enzymes suna raba ƙungiyoyin acetyl da glucosaminide daga substrate, wanda ke haifar da samuwar chromophore mai shuɗi ko kore.
Tsarin musamman na 5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminide yana ba da damar ganowa da kuma ƙididdige ayyukan enzyme cikin sauƙi. Amfani da shi a cikin fasahohin gwaji daban-daban, gami da histochemistry, immunohistochemistry, da gwaje-gwajen da aka yi bisa ƙwayoyin halitta, ya ba da gudummawa ga fahimtar ayyukan enzyme sosai.
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AMPPD CAS:122341-56-4 Farashin Mai Masana'anta
AMPPD, gajere don 3-(2′-spiroadamantane)-4-methoxy-4-(3″-phosphoryloxy)phenyl-1,2-dioxetane, wani sinadari ne na chemiluminescent wanda ake amfani da shi a aikace-aikacen kwayoyin halitta da immunoassay. Ana amfani da shi sosai a binciken kwayoyin halitta, ganewar asali, da kimiyyar rayuwa.
An tsara AMPPD musamman don a yi amfani da shi tare da haɗin enzyme na alkaline phosphatase. Lokacin da aka fallasa shi ga alkaline phosphatase, AMPPD yana fuskantar saurin amsawar enzyme mai inganci, wanda ke haifar da fitar da haske.
Ana gano hasken da aka fitar daga AMPPD ta amfani da tsarin daukar hoto mai mahimmanci ko na'urorin haske, wanda ke ba da damar ƙididdigewa da kuma ganin ƙwayoyin da aka yi niyya ko masu nazarin bayanai. Wannan hanyar ganowa ta tushen chemiluminescence tana ba da babban ƙarfin ji, ƙarancin hayaniyar bango, da kuma kewayon motsi mai faɗi.
Saboda kwanciyar hankali da kuma siginar da ke dawwama, AMPPD ya dace sosai da aikace-aikace kamar Western blotting, ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay), DNA hybridization, da kuma in situ hybridization. Yana bawa masu bincike damar gano da kuma nazarin sunadaran, nucleic acid, antibodies, da sauran biomolecules.
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Gishirin sodium 2,6-Dichloroindophenol CAS:620-45-1
3,5-Dichlorophenyldiazonium tetrafluoroborate wani sinadari ne da ake amfani da shi a cikin hadakar sinadarai. Gishirin diazonium ne, wanda ke nufin yana dauke da rukunin diazonium (N2+) da aka makala a cikin zoben phenyl wanda aka maye gurbinsa da atom na chlorine a matsayi na 3 da 5.
Sau da yawa ana amfani da wannan sinadari a cikin halayen da suka shafi haɗuwa da wasu sinadarai masu ƙamshi. Yana iya fuskantar halayen kamar maye gurbin sinadarai masu kama da electrophilic, inda zai iya canja wurin ƙungiyar diazonium zuwa wani sinadari mai ƙamshi mai kama da nucleophilic don samar da sabon haɗin gwiwa. Wannan yana da amfani musamman ga shigar da ƙungiyoyi masu aiki a cikin zoben ƙamshi..
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3,3′-Diaminobenzidine CAS:91-95-2
3,3′-Diaminobenzidine (DAB) wani sinadari ne da ake amfani da shi a fannin amfani da sinadarin immunohistochemistry (IHC) da kuma hanyoyin yin tabo na immunocytochemistry (ICC). Wani sinadari ne mai kama da chromogenic wanda ke samar da samfurin amsawar launin ruwan kasa idan aka fallasa shi ga enzymes na peroxidase, wanda ke nuna kasancewar antigen da aka yi niyya.
Sau da yawa ana amfani da DAB don ganin sunadaran ko wasu ƙwayoyin halitta masu ban sha'awa a cikin samfuran halittu, kamar sassan nama ko ƙwayoyin halitta. Yana iya samar da alamar da aka gano kuma ake iya gani ga antigen ɗin da aka yi niyya, yana bawa masu bincike damar gano da kuma nazarin yadda yake yaɗuwa da yawansa.
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(±)-6-Hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchromane-2-carboxylic acid CAS:53188-07-1
Trolox wani sinadari ne na roba wanda ya kasance cikin rukunin antioxidants da aka sani da analogues na bitamin E. Yana da ƙarfi wajen hana tsufa kuma yana iya kare ƙwayoyin halitta da kyallen jiki daga lalacewar oxidative. An yi nazari sosai kan Trolox saboda fa'idodin da ke tattare da shi a fannin lafiya, ciki har da ikonsa na rage kumburi, hana lalacewar ƙwayoyin halitta, da kuma tallafawa lafiyar zuciya da jijiyoyin jini. Ana amfani da shi a matsayin sinadari mai ma'ana a binciken antioxidant da kuma a matsayin ƙari a cikin kayan abinci da kayan kwalliya daban-daban.
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1-(3-Dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride CAS:25952-53-8
1-(3-Dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride, wanda kuma aka sani da EDC hydrochloride ko EDAC, wani sinadari ne da ake amfani da shi a fannin biochemistry da kuma ilmin kwayoyin halitta a matsayin wani abu da ke hadewa don kunna kungiyoyin carboxyl. Foda ce mai launin farin lu'ulu'u wadda ke narkewa sosai a cikin ruwa.
Ana amfani da EDC hydrochloride musamman wajen haɗa peptides da sunadarai ta hanyar sauƙaƙe samuwar haɗin amide tsakanin ƙungiyoyin carboxyl da amino. Yana aiki ta hanyar kunna ƙungiyoyin carboxyl, waɗanda ke amsawa da ƙungiyoyin amino a gaban wakilin haɗin gwiwa kamar N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS). Wannan amsawar yana haifar da samuwar haɗin amide mai karko.
Ana kuma amfani da EDC hydrochloride a binciken DNA da RNA don gyara da haɗa nucleic acid, da kuma wajen hana enzymes da sauran biomolecules a saman. Wani abu ne mai amfani da yawa wanda zai iya haɓaka inganci da takamaiman halayen.
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HEPES CAS:7365-45-9 Farashin Mai Masana'anta
HEPES (4-(2-Hydroxyethyl)piperazine-1-ethanesulfonic acid) wani sinadari ne na halitta wanda ake amfani da shi a binciken halittu da sinadarai. An san shi da ikonsa na kiyaye pH mai ƙarfi a cikin ruwan da ke cikinsa, wanda hakan ya sa ya dace da aikace-aikace daban-daban da suka shafi hanyoyin ƙwayoyin halitta da enzymatic. HEPES wani sinadari ne na zwitterionic, ma'ana yana da caji mai kyau da mara kyau akan ƙungiyoyi daban-daban na aiki, wanda ke ba shi damar tsayayya da canje-canje a cikin pH da ƙara acid ko tushe ke haifarwa. Ana amfani da shi akai-akai a cikin al'adar ƙwayoyin halitta, gwaje-gwajen enzyme, nazarin furotin, gwaje-gwajen electrophoresis, da kuma hanyoyin magunguna.
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p-Nitrophenyl-aL-Fucopyranoside CAS:10231-84-2
p-Nitrophenyl-α-L-Fucopyranoside wani sinadari ne da ke cikin rukunin nitrophenyl glycosides. Ana amfani da shi sosai a binciken sinadarai a matsayin wani sinadari na enzyme α-L-fucosidase, wanda ke haɓaka hydrolysis ɗinsa. Wannan sinadari ba shi da launi kuma yana narkewa a cikin sinadarai masu narkewa na halitta, wanda hakan ya sa ya dace da gwaje-gwajen enzymatic.
